Internal-combustion engine



- E.` R. BTURTNETT INTERNAL' coMBUsTloN ENGINE Jan. 1, 1929. Y I l1,697,554

l Patented Jan. l, 1929.

EVERETT R BU'RTNETT; CFLOS4 ANGELES; ALIFORNA', ASSIGNOB, BXLHREAT .AND

MESNE ASSTGNMENTS, TO THE AUTOMOTIVE VALVES FORIA, A VOLUNTARY TRUST.

rN'rERNAL-ooMBUsTIoN ENGINE.

`LQS ANGELES, Qlll- I i Application filed. November 5, 1925. Serial No. 66,967.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines of the multi-cylinder, two stroke cycle type, and has for its principal objects, to generally improve upon and simplify lthe construction of the existing forms of two stroke cycle' internal 'combustion engines to provide an improvement' in two stroke cycle engines that have double acting fresh charge pump reciprocating features; to provide aV two strokeicycle engine structure combining as one unit., four lcombustion cylinders arranged in two pairs, the members of each pair joined at their head ends, by a common compression and combustion chamber with a dual pump chamber, double acting fresh charge volume pump arranged between vthe two pairs of combustion cylinders, functioning asa Ifresh charge inducting means to the pair of combustion cylinders on one side of the double lacting pump, and the,

other of the pump chambers `of the double Vacting pump function as a fresh charge inducting means to the pair'of combustion vcylinders on the other side .of the double acting PumP- f A further obj ect of my invention is to provide an engine of thecharacter 4referred to with a crank shaft having separate'crank pins to which the two pistons of each adjacent pair of combustion cylinders are sepa rately connected.` The piston displacement of the two combustion chambers forming a pair of adjacent combustion cylinders being' diiferent'in size orvolume and the crank pin to whichthe pistonof the cylinder having the least piston displacement' is connected,

being arranged inadvance in the direction of rotatiomrelative to the respective position of the other of the two crank pins. l

' As a result. of my improved construction l am able to provide a two stroke cycle'engine of great simplicity, very compact, of comtaken on a medial pla power unitof my imp Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic View that graphically illustrates therelative positions of the cranks ofv crankshaft gine.

Fig. 3 is a lhorizontal sectionl taken on the line 3-8 of Fig.v 1.

Referring by numer lng drawingsy which ne through' lan engine roved construction.

of'my improved ene.

als to the accompanyillustrate a ,'pract'ica'l embodiment-of my invention, 10, 11, 12V and v; i

l13 designate combustion or power ,cylinders A that are arranged "in 10 'and'll constituting one pair, and' cylin# pairs 'withY cylinders ders 12 and lconstituting the other pair.' The four cylinders are arranged in r'o-vv;V

that is, :their aXes whi cupy the same plane.

Cylinders 1o and iii-aredisposd at 'one end of the row, and

- at the other endyand cha-re parallel all 'oc'- l l 7o cylinders 12 and '13 thetwo pairs of --eylv inders are spaced a. sufficient distanceapart to accommodate a charge volume lpump that occupies an intermed late `or *centrally ar- A ranged cylindrical housing `14and a *pair`r of relatively small piston vvalve."chambers '15 and 16, vthe y,lat-ter being arranged respec-v tively betweenthe pump housing or .cylinder 14 vand the inner mem so i bers )11 andv 13 of ,the

pairs of combustion cylinders. y.

The diameters of the chambers in cylinders 10 and 12 are `slightly less than the diameters' of ythe chambers in cylinders 11 and 13, consequently the piston sweep dis` placement 1n the larger 4combustion charm-I bers 11 and 13r is' greater ,than the piston sweep displacement` of the chambers 10 and 12 of least. diameter.`

Formed through the 10 and 12 are exhaust same being located so -walls'of the' cylinders ports such asl 1'6?, the that they are nncovered and open only when the piston's'that operate within said cylinders are' at the Outer ends of their strokes.

Charge volume inlet ports 17 are formed through the wall Vbetween valve chamber 15 and combustion chamb ing ports 18v connect chambers 16 .and 13.

er`11, and correspond- These two sets of ports are uncovered' and open only when the pistons within the Ychanabers 11 and 13 are at t strokes. Y

he lowery ends of theirv j Charge Vvolume inlet ports'19 connect piston valve chamber with .a duct 2() that 1s ormedbetween cylinders 11 and 14, said duct being closed at its lower end and open at its upper end, and connecting valve chamber v16v withlafcorresponding duct 21 that 1s formed between cylinders 16 yand 14- vare Y inlet ports 22.'`

Y Ports 19 and 22 areuncovered and open vonly when the, piston valves Vthat operate' within chambers 15 and 16 are at the lower ends of their strokes.

Secured to the head ends of the entire series 'ot' cylinders and closing the chambers therein is a head block y 23, through which y are formed inlet ports 24and-25, that communicate respectively witht-he head or inner ends'ot piston valve chambers 15 and 16. These inlet ports 24 and 25 are connected in any suitable manner to a suitable source of gaseous` fuel supply, for instance, a can buretor and located in said connections bestween said'ninlet portsfrand carburetor yare Y inletcheck valves 24a,'25-'respectively.

o Formed `in the underside of head ends of the electrodes thereof, proj ect intothe respective chambers 26 and 27.

yArranged beneath the iivencylinders is a crank case 29 having four/main bearings 30 fora crank shaft 31 that has `five cranks 32, 33, ai, and 36.

Cranks 32 and 33 aredisposed respectively .beneath cylinders 10vand 11, withcranks 34 and 35 disposed respectively beneath cylinders 12 and v13 and withthe centrally arrangedcrank 36 disposed beneath cylinder 14.

' proximately45c? in advance otcrank 33 in the Crank .32 occupies a radial positionapdirectionof crank rotation and likewise kcrank 34 occupies a radial position approximately 45 in advanceofcrank35. f

, Intermediate crank 36 occupies a radial position approximately in advance of crank 32 in the direction of crank rotation and 90o'behindcrank34. l Y f The crank pins of cranks 32 and 34 are disposed 18()o apart and likewise the pins ot cranks 33 and 35 .are arranged 180 apart.

Pistons 37 and 38 are arranged for reciprocatory movement within the combustion chambers of cylinders 10 and 11 respectively, and these-pistons are connected to the crank pins `and 33 respectively, by cranks 39 and 'Arranged forreciprocation within the commoet 23 are shallow pockets 26 and 27 that connect respectively the upper or head ends of the bustion chambers in cylinders 12 and 13 are, respectively, pistons 41 and 42, and connecting said pistons with the pins of cranks 34 and 35 respectively, are connecting rods 43 and 44. l

Arranged for reciprocation within` chambers 15 and'l are, respectively piston valves 45 and 46 that control ports 19 and 22, and

these piston valves are connected by suitable connecting rodsvsuch as 47, to eccentrics 48 on crank shaft 30. These eccentrics are arranged so" that piston valves 45 and 46 are moved into positions so asto vuncover ports 19 and 22 only while ports 17 and 18 are closed by pistons 38 and 42 respectively.

Securedtothe underside of headblock 23 and extending downwardly therefrom intoV si the upper portion of .the chamber within` cylinder 14 is a tubular member 49, the lower Y Vend of which terminates in a iixed piston head 50. The upperend ofv this tubular member is connected by means of a lduct 51 that is formed in the head 23 with the upper end ot' Y v duct 20.

'Secured to the central portion and-top of crank case`29 is the lower end of a tubular member 51, .the upper end, of which termi-y nates in a lixedpiston head 52. This tubular member 51 and the fixed head 52 are, dupli! cates of tubular member 49r and head 50. f

The lower end of .tubular member 51 is connecte'd byl a ductj53 that is formed inthe upperV portion of. the -crank case with the open lower end of duct 21. s The open 4portions of a cylindrical member 54 that functions'as a pumping v'piston that" surrounds the heads 50 and 52, and formed at u the center of said member 54 is a partition 55. `Extending through this 1 partition is a wrist pin 56 4to the` projecting ends of which are connected the upper ends of' a yoke 57, which latter extends downwardly through openings in the 'top of the crank case and the.

lowerfend of said yoke is journalled' to the centrally arranged crank 36.

The operation of my improved engine as follows:

The movements of the pistony valves are timed so that piston valve 46`uncovers ports.`

2,2, while the double acting pump piston 54 is moving upwardly or inwardly, and piston valve/45 uncovers ports- 19 while said double-acting pump is moving Vdownwardly or outwardly. As a result, while yports 19 are As pump piston 54 passes low center and mov-es upwardly, the gaseous fuel charge drawn into pump chamber beneath head 50v will be compressed within member 49, duct 51'and duct 20f(ports 19.atthis time being. closed Yby piston valve`45)l and when -thehead of piston 38 and the headof piston 45V Auncovers ports 17, thecompressed gaseous fuel chargewill rush into combi'istionlchamber 11, common clearance'chamber 26 and combustion chamber 10, which'action'expels the products of'combustion from the pre`- viously ignited charge throughrexhaust ports vlltthat lead from` chamberlO, and which exhaust ports are j uncovered and opened slightly in advance of the'opening of inlet ports 17 due to the -lead of piston 37: over pis-f ton V38.

' On the succeeding upward'travel of pistons 37 and 38, the gaseousf'fuel charge pumped into chambers v10 and 11 will-be compressed therein and iny common clearance* chamber 26 until piston 38 passes high-center, whereupon the compressed charge is fired by a spark produced between theterminals of the electrodes of corresponding spark plug 28 and the rise Vin pressure following combustion of Vthe'compressed charge'will be im,-v

pressed on the heads of pistons V37 and 38 to drive same downwardly QonV their: power stroke.

Obviously, the operation of pistons 41, 42V 4and piston valve, 46 is the saineas that just described. e

On the upward stroke ofthe double acting pump 54, the gaseous fuel will be drawn into the pumping chamber above. head 52, through inlet port 25, piston valve chamber 16, ports 22 (the latter being uncoveredl due to the position of piston valve 46), duct .21,

a relatively simple and practical two stroke cycle internal combustion engine, wherein lthe power unit includes two pairs of com-V bustion cylinders, the head ends of the chamf bers in the members of each pair, being connected by a common clearance and combustion chamber, and thegaseous fuel charges to the two pairs of combustion chambers being pumped thereinto by 'a double acting pump that is disposed between the pairs of combustion cylinders.

An engine embodying the principles of my invention may comprise two sets of cylinders as herein shown and described, said sets being arranged in two rows, and in angular planes to form a V-structure, in which event, a single crank shaft is used and the connecting rods from the pistons in one set orrow of combustion chambers having their crank ends yoked for vengagement with1 the ycrank l pins eareand 35.1 y

to vcrankfpin 36 *asx illustrated in. Fig. 1.1

It will befreadily understood ythat minor L henthfe kVv-structure pijoiducedjthe. vlower endslof the-twoyokes 57- areconnected changes in t-hev size, form' and constructionlofc the L variousl parts of myimproved internal combustion engine may be made and sub-- stituted for those hereinl shownv and described without departing from the spirit of the vinf--L I ventionthefscope"of 'which "isset forth inv Y the appended claims; l e I claimas my invention: f

1. In a. two stroke cycle internal combus- Y tion engine, a. unit vof two dual' cylinder combustion chambers,` a4 piston within 'each combustion cylinder, a doubley actingsingle re-` ciprocating fresh charge pump member ar'- ranged between the twodual cylinder com-'I bustion chambers, piston valves arranged for operation ybetweenthe double acting pump cylinders for ,controllingy the admission of fresh chargevolumes to thepump chambers, alcrank-shaft withfseparate crank pins to,l

which 'each of the two pistons of eachof the dual cylinder combustion chambers aresepaand the immediately adjacent Vcombustion y rately connected and one of the crank pins c of each of the two pins of the crank shaft, to which the two pistons of each dualv cylinder combustion chamber are separately connected, being arranged in advancerotatively relative to the position of the other crank pin tons of a dual-cylinder combustion chamber are connected.

2. In a vtwo stroke cycle internal combustion engine, a series of five lcylinders arranged in a row, with their` aXes parallel and in the same plane, the first and second cylinf ders fromeach end ofthe` row. functioning as combustion cylinders, and' Vhaving their and combustion clearance chamber, thereby providing a. pair of dual combustion chambers, a single reciprocating fresh charge pumping member developing av fresh charge pump function on each stroke and arranged vof the two crank pins to which the two pis- `V vhead ends joined by a common compression lio between the pair of dual combustion cham-V bers, piston valves arranged for operation between the double acting pump andthe immediately adjacent combustion cylinders for controlling the admission of fresh charge volumes to the pump chambers, a crank shaft having five separate throwsV and separate connections from the pistons within the dual combustion chambers and said pumping member, to the respective thro-ws of said crank shaft. c. v

3. In a two stroke cycle internal combustion engine, a series of five cylinders arranged in a row, with their axes' parallel and in the same plane, the first and second cylin-V between the double acting pump and the imders-from each end'rofltherow functioningl as combustion cylinders, and having their head ends joined by ay common compression `andxcombustio'n clearance chamber, thereby 1 providingk a pair of-dual combustion cham-' bers,f a single reciprocating` freshpcharge pumping member developing a fresh charge ppmp function on each strokeand arranged tween the pair `of dual combustion chambers,l .piston valves arranged for e operation mediately'adjacent combustion. cylinders for controlling the admission of fresh:V charge Y Volumes to the pumpv chambers, a;V ,crank shaft having five separateV throws, vseparate connections from the. pistons within the vdualf combustion 'chambers and said pumpingv member, to the yrec'ziprocative throws ofsaid` crankshaft and the members of thepairs of crank Vpins ofthe cranks to which the twoV pistonsfof each dual combustion chamber are Y separately connectedbe-ing arranged in different radial planes.,

hln a two stroke cycle internal combustion engine,` a series of five cylinders ar-V ranged 1n a row, wlththeir axes parallel and 1n the same plane, the rst and second cyl-` inders from each endof the `row functioning y i 1 as combustion cyllnders, and-having thelr- Y,

head ends joined by a common compression and combustion clearance chamber, therebI providing a pair of dual combustion cham-A bers, `a single reciprocating fresh charge' mediately adjacent combustion cylinders yfor controlli-ng the, admission .of fresh charge volumes to the pump chambers, a crank shaft having fivefseparate throws, separate connections from the `pistons within the `dual combustion. chambers and said pumping Vmember,V to the respective throws` of said crank shaft, the members ofthe pairs of,v crank pins of the cranks ktov which the two'.

pistons of each dual combustion chamber are separately connected, being arrange'din different radial planes, andthe. five throws of said crankshaft occupying five dierent radial. positions. f

- In testlmony whereof I affix signature. i

` EVERETT R. BURTNETT. l 

